Jak pečovat o pacienta, který nemá domov?

MUDr.Libor Kvapil

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):99  

Issues concerning occupation health services

MUDr.Kateřina Pavlíčková

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):101-104  

The author describes issues concerning occupation health services, legislative difficulties and the content of complex occupation health service. She emphasizes on important facts during contractual relations referring to providing occupation health services, formal proprieties during providing health documentation, drawing expert opinions of health ability based on praxis.

Diuretics in hypertension

doc.MUDr.Jiří Špác, CSc., prof.MUDr.Miroslav Souček, CSc., MUDr.Bohuslav Kianička

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):105-110  

Diuretics are one of the longest used drug class in hypertension treatment. In clinical practice they have been used since 1957 and their discovery is due to research in the field of antibacterial sulfonamides conducted during the 1950s in Merck Sharp and Dohme laboratories.

The metabolic syndrome, its diagnosis and treatment

MUDr.Petr Sucharda, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):111-114  

The updated „harmonized“ definition of the metabolic syndrome was preceded by several decades of studying cardiovascular risk factors, particularly insulin resistance and abdominal obesity. The metabolic syndrome is not a new disease, but a strong alert to the high risk cardiometabolic profile of the patient. Diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome is based on routine biochemical examinations and casual blood pressure and waist circumference measurements. The most efficient therapy of all components of the metabolic syndrome is bariatric/metabolic surgery.

within the comprehensive treatment for recurrent infections.

doc.MUDr.Jaromír Bystroň, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):115-121  

protizánětlivá léčba. Recurrent infections and possible treatment with immune modulation therapy The author presents an overview of the fundamental causes of recurrent infections and their treatment options. Particular emphasis is placed on efforts to identify the causes of the disease and the resulting causal treatment and sufficient recovery period. Next, he deals with the current options of immune modulation therapy anti-inflammatory treatment.

Examination and treatment of back pain from the perspective of physiotherapy

MUDr.Stanislav Horák, Mgr.Jana Tomsová

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):122-125  

It is held that the most frequent causes of the pain of spine are mechanical disorders and degenerative changes in the locomotive segment. Overloading the spine, muscles, ligaments and other parts of the spine segments lead to mechanical disorders resulting in pain and reflexive changes. The pain is located in a certain segment of the spine, yet the primary disorder of the function may be somewhere else. Therefore, while investigating the backache it is necessary to assess functions of the entire spine and adjacent structures. We are overwhelmed by a number of manuals that advise us on how to care about our spine and muscles, be it strengthening...

Preoperative and perioperative care in patient with rheumatic disease

MUDr.Martina Skácelová, doc.MUDr.Pavel Horák, CSc., doc.MUDr.Jiří Gallo, Ph.D., MUDr.Andrea Smržová

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):125-129  

Preoperative care and evaluation of surgery risk in patients with rheumatic diseases is coordinated by rheumatologist. Preoperative evaluation includes history, physical and laboratory examination for evaluation of cardiovascular, renal, peripheral vascular and anestesia risk for patient. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis it is important to evaluate the cervical spine involvement. The administration of drugs before and after surgery can interfere with operation risk. It is recommended to administer i. v. 100 mg of hydrocortisone, and repeat the dose after 8 hours if necessary or to administer continuous peroperative hydrocortison 10 mg/h...

New trends in immunization of adult population

prof.MUDr.Roman Prymula, CSc., Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):129-132  

Immunization belongs among the most effective public health measurements. System of immunization has a long tradition in the Czech Republic. New knowledge is step by step applied and influences particularly paediatric practice, however it is projected into new preventive programmes of general practitioners for adults, too. A conjugated pneumococcal vaccine has been introduced in universal, but not obligatory regimen since the January 1, 2010. Implementation of the next new vaccines is limited particularly with economic aspects. Beside of vaccines against infectious diseases anti-cancer, anti-smoke vaccines and others appear gradually in global...

Complications of rhinosinusitis

MUDr.Petr Schalek

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):133-134  

Even nowadays complications of rhinosinusitis represent a serious, life threatening condition. Uncomplicated acute rhinosinusitis is usually managed by GPs and it is necessary for them to be able to recognize signs of threatening complication and refer the patient to specialized department. Complications of rhinosinusitis are classically defined as orbital, endocranial and osseous.

Acute and recurrent acute urinary tract infections

doc.MUDr.Miroslava Horáčková, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):135-138  

The epidemiology, etiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment and prophylaxis of acute and recurrent acute urinary tract infections are analyzed. To provide a clinical perspective of this issue, the most convenient division into uncomplicated and complicated forms is used, with an emphasis placed on the differences in the therapeutic approach to both acute and recurrent acute urinary tract infections.

Dementia

doc.MUDr.Iva Holmerová, Mgr.Martina Mátlová, MUDr.Hana Vaňková, MUDr.Božena Jurašková

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):139-144  

The authors highlight the magnitude of the problem of dementias and the most common causes of Alzheimer‘s disease in relation to the ageing of the population in Europe as well as the Czech Republic. Neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those causing dementia, will likely cause the highest disease burden in this century. Furthermore, the authors briefly mention the dementia syndrome characterized by impaired cognitive functions, impaired self-sufficiency and other psychiatric symtomatology and behavior disorders. Also, the current “P-PA-IA” strategy of the Czech Alzheimer Society is briefly characterized that is based on...

Orlistat in obesity treatment

MUDr.RNDr.Tomáš Brychta, Ph.D., MUDr.Svetlana Brychtová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):145-147  

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease with a pathophysiological and genetic basis. This condition has serious health and economic implications, recently having become the second leading cause of death, second only to smoking. Obesity treatment should be comprehensive and include, in addition to diet and physical activity and behavioural changes, pharmacotherapy and, possibly, bariatric surgery. Currently, two agents are recommended for long-term management of obesity, namely sibutramine and orlistat. These anti-obesity drugs reliably provide weight loss and are sufficient to improve the health status and reduce the risk of numerous chronic...

Enteral and parenteral nutrition in diabetes

prof.MUDr.Luboš Sobotka, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):149-151  

Enteral and parenteral nutritional support has significantly improved the prognosis of patients who would have died without this support in the past. It can be administered to patients suffering from any kind of disease. Thus, diabetes mellitus is not an obstacle to providing full nutritional support either. In type 1 diabetes, it is particularly necessary to supply an adequate amount of exogenous insulin. The method of administration depends on the patient‘s general condition, the presence of inflammation, the method of nutritional support and other conditions. In type 2 diabetes, discontinuation of oral antidiabetic drugs is always...

Old age and what next ?

Eva Lenochová, DiS.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):152-154  

The population of the Czech Republic is aging, which is a general demographic trend; however, the elderly still lack sufficient information about services or may have biased information about certain services or options. An elderly person and, consequently, his family are often faced with a situation in which they have to deal with health or social issues of a close family member and are left helpless. The question is whether an integral information system about the services is lacking or whether it is due to the unwillingness and approach of the providers of the appropriate services. Old age refers to the late stages of ontogenesis, the natural...

Autodidaktický test 3/2010

-

Med. praxi. 2010;7(3):155