Repetitorium Alergie

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2)  

Etiketa - součást našeho profesionálního chování

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 59  

Risk factors and prevention of the venous thromboembolism

MUDr. Dalibor Musil Ph.D

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 61-65  

Venous thromboembolism is one of the leading cause of death in industrial countries. The article describes risk factors of the venous thromboembolism in different fields of medicine and shows the possibilities of its prevention.

Probiotics and prebiotics in the prophylaxis and therapy of GIT disorders and in the prevention of carcinogenesis

PharmDr. Miloslav Hronek Ph.D

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 66-68  

Probiotics are bacteria of lactic fermentation, particularly those of the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, which have a beneficial effect on their host regardless of their nutritional value. They are a common part of fermented dairy products, following the consumption of which they become a part of the natural intestinal microflora. They protect their host from colonization by pathogenic microorganisms, stimulate the immune system, have metabolic effects, and increase the utilization of calcium, phosphorus, and iron. Prebiotics are primarily oligosaccharides that establish a nutritional environment fit for colonization by probiotics....

Health care professionals and occupational diseases in the Czech Republic

MUDr. Zdenka Fenclová CSc

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 69-71  

The authors present an overview of occupational diseases reported in the branches of economic activity of health and social care and veterinary activity in the Czech Republic between 1996 and 2007. Since 2001, health service has been among the sectors with the highest numbers of occupational diseases diagnosed. These high numbers were mainly contributed by communicable and parasitic diseases and occupational dermatoses. The three leading infectious diseases were scabies, viral hepatitides, and tuberculosis. Occupational dermatoses, asthmas, and allergic rhinitides were most often caused by disinfectants containing glutaraldehyde. The professions...

Hypertension in chronic renal insufficiency

prof. MUDr. Václav MONHART CSc

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 73-76  

Hypertension accompanying renal disease is among the most common secondary hypertensions. Chronic renal diseases affect approximately 10 % of the population. Four percent of adult persons are expected to have concurrent chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) of varied severity and hypertension. The pathogenesis of hypertension in CRI mostly involves impaired regulation of extracellular fluid volume and imbalance between vasoconstrictive and vasodilatory agents. The goals of treatment for hypertension in CRI are to attain a target blood pressure of less than 130/80 mm Hg, slow down the progression of chronic renal disease, interfere with pre-existent...

Dietary supplements in clinical practice

doc. MUDr. Eliška Sovová Ph.D., MBA

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 77-81  

Optimal nutrition with the right proportion of essential nutrients (proteins, saccharides, and fats) and adequate amount of vitamins, minerals, and other antioxidants is the cornerstone of prevention of all civilization diseases. Antioxidants contained in food decrease the occurrence of both cardiovascular and cancerous diseases. No study has confirmed a positive effect of vitamin supplementation (vitamin C, vitamin E, folic acid) in tablet form in the prevention of civilization diseases. Vitamin and mineral supplementation can be recommended in the case of deficiency or when there is an increased demand for them. Other substances for which studies...

Age related macular degeneration

prof. MUDr. Andrej Černák DrSc

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 81-84  

Age related macular degeneration (ARMD) is most frequent disease which leads to blindness in develop country. 30 % of population over the age of 75 years suffer with this disease. Risk factors for ARMD are: age, family and race predisposition, excesive sun light, lack of antioxidants in the food, smoking habit, hypertension and obese. There are dry and wet forms of ARMD. The treatment of dry form OK ARMD consist of drug which increase protection of retina from sun light like antioxidants, minerals, vitamins and 3omega acid. Most effective treatment of the wet form of ARMD is with the anti VEGF factors. Important is also the prevention of ARMD with...

Erythema nodosum

MUDr. Andrea Hradiská

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 85-89  

Erythema nodosum is the most common type of septal panniculitis. It may occur separately or as a part of wide range of many diseases such as infections, sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, malignancies, autoimmune disorders, medications, pregnancy. Erythema nodosum is considered to be a delayed hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. The incidence of erythema nodosum is 1–5 in 100 000 population per year, with women between the ages of 15 and 40 years being most commonly affected. It is typically presents as an acute eruption of erythematous, tender subcutaneous nodules over the pretibial areas bilaterally. The...

Pharmacology of insomnia

PharmDr. Kateřina Vašutová

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 90-95  

Sleep difficulties affect nearly one half of the population of developed countries. The treatment of these difficulties is not simple and requires a complex approach to individual patients. In addition to pharmacotherapy, daily routine measures including adherence to the principles of sleep hygiene and psychotherapy are of major significance. Pharmacists are the first within the healthcare system who come into contact with these patients. It is therefore essential that pharmacists be very well acquainted not only with insomnia treatment but also with its possible causes and can, based on their expert knowledge, recommend the patient an appropriate...

Neodkladná resuscitace

MUDr. Olga Klementová Ph.D

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 104-110  

Demence a deprese ve vyšším věku

MUDr. Iva Holmerová Ph.D

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 111-114  

Nutrition in obesity

MUDr. Zuzana Grofová

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 97-99  

Obesity is defined as an excessively high amount of adipose tissue resulting in an increased body mass index (BMI). It results from a positive energy balance. Losing weight requires a negative energy balance achievable by increasing energy expenditure through physical activity and reducing energy intake through diet. Nutrition plays a crucial role in obesity treatment. Regular food and drink intake, consumption of low energy-density foods, increased intake of low-fat proteins, and restricted total intake of fats (mainly animal fats) are all essential.

Hypertension

Mgr. Veronika Peňázová

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 100-103  

The article reviews the most significant aspects of hypertension, its diagnosis, and treatment. It includes a final part focused on care from the nurse‘s viewpoint.

Autodidaktický test č. 2/2009

Med. Pro Praxi 2009; 6(2): 96