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MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):75

Modern management of tachyarrhythmias

MUDr. Ondřej Toman, Ph.D., MHA

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):80-85 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.010

Arrhythmias are among the most common cardiologic disorders. They can affect even young individuals without any significant structural heart disease. However, they are more frequently associated with other cardiac or non-cardiac conditions or may complicate their course. Modern arrhythmia management is complex and relies on technologically advanced diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Non-pharmacological treatment, particularly catheter ablation, is widely available and effective. This paper provides a brief overview of current options for the management and care of patients with tachyarrhythmias.

Vitamin D and its clinical applications

prof. MUDr. Michal Kršek, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):86-93

The article reviews current knowledge about vitamin D from the clinical point of view. The basic facts about its forms, physiological effects and metabolism are summarized. From clinical point of view the article deals with the state of supply of vitamin D, vitamin D deficiency and its clinical signs, symptoms and therapy. In paragraphs devoted to the treatment the current knowledge about forms of vitamin D, their indication, doses and dosage regimens are summarized.

The use of trazodone in GP practice

MUDr. Juraj Tkáč

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):94-97 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.017

Depressive and anxiety disorders represent a significant burden on primary care, and demand for effective and well-tolerated treatments continues to grow. This article summarises current knowledge of trazodone, a multifunctional antidepressant from the SARI group that combines serotonin reuptake inhibition with HT₂A receptor 5 antagonism. This review focuses on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the drug, its antidepressant, anxiolytic, and sedative properties as well as its potential neuroprotective effects. Clinical data demonstrate comparable efficacy to SSRI/SNRIs in the treatment of major depressive disorder and demonstrate benefit...

Acute and recurrent pericarditis - what a general practitioner should know

MUDr. Sabrina Adamíková, prof. MUDr. Jan Krejčí, Ph.D., FHFA

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):98-103 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.020

Pericarditis is the most common pathological process affecting the pericardium. The diagnosis is based on the fulfillment of two of the four classification criteria. Acute pericarditis may be associated with infectious, systemic, or autoimmune diseases, as well as malignancies or metabolic disorders. The basis of the diagnosis of acute pericarditis is an echocardiographic examination, which can help to exclude other acute cardiac conditions. The most common form in developed countries is idiopathic or post-viral pericarditis, the treatment of which is based on the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colchicine. Corticosteroids...

Fecal microbiota transplantation - current trends and future perspectives

MUDr. Roman Stebel, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):105-110 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.014

Disruption of the human microbial ecosystem represents a significant pathogenic factor of many diseases. The role of altered intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis has been known for decades. Still, severe disruptions in the composition or function of the microbiota (we are speaking about dysbiosis) is nowadays also described in the pathogenesis of other pathological conditions. In this sense, the most commonly listed are idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, furthermore, for example, hepatic encephalopathy...

Technologies used in digestive endoscopy in diagnosis and treatment

MUDr. Peter Slodička, MUDr. Vít Navrátil, Ph.D., MUDr. Vincent Dansou Zoundjiekpon, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Lumír Kunovský, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):111-118 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.009

Digestive endoscopy, a key method for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, is constantly evolving. New developments in this field include advances in technology, new diagnostic techniques, and innovations in therapeutic approaches. Modern endoscopic equipment now offers higher image resolution thanks to advanced optics and camera systems, which allow better identification and characterization of pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract. New techniques, such as endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), are expanding diagnostic capabilities by allowing visualization of deep structures and examination of surrounding...

The role of D­‑mannose in the treatment of infections of the urinary tract

MUDr. Eva Burešová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):119-122 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.028

Urinary tract infections are common, especially in women. It is a bacterial inflammation, therefore antibiotics are the drug of choice. Long-term prophylaxis with low doses of these agents is recommended for the prevention of recurrent IMC. When taking antibiotics, patients may be bothered by side effects and, in addition, the risk of increasing bacterial resistance increases. As part of non-antibiotic prophylaxis, intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid or peroral preparations acting against bacteria directly in the bladder, including D-mannose, is recommended.

Long­‑term lower urinary tract catheterization in follow­‑up care

MUDr. Zbyněk Veselský, Ph.D., MBA, MUDr. Róbert Linter, MUDr. Silvestr Zouvala

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):E1-E7 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.013

Long-term care hospitals are a type of healthcare facility that is defined not only by legislation, but above all by specific treatment procedures. Diagnostic possibilities are limited and the treatment team is mainly required to have experience and comprehensive knowledge of many medical disciplines. Measuring fluid output, assessing its appearance, volume change and character over time in polymorbid patients with polypragmasia is one of the few procedures whose data may be available to follow-up care physicians. In addition to the group of patients with renal pathology unable to objectify fluid output in any other way, the indications for temporary...

Case reports of diphtheria

MUDr. Marianna Augustínová

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):129-132 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.022

Diphtheria is an important, re-emerging infection that requires increased attention from the medical community, not only in primary care but across all medical fields. The causative agent is the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Two forms of the disease are distinguished: skin and respiratory. The first-line treatment consists of penicillin antibiotics. In addition to a brief initial description of the microorganism, the following text focuses on three case studies of patients in whom Corynebacterium diphtheriae was identified as the etiological agent through culture examination. The first case involves the respiratory form, while the other two...

A survey of the awareness of the senior population about influenza prevention

PhDr. Iveta Ondriová, PhD.

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):E16-E20 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.016

Influenza is an infectious disease caused by a rapidly spreading and mutable virus. It occurs as a general inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract. The onset of influenza is sudden, in full health. Complications occur especially in high-risk individuals (elderly people and people suffering from chronic heart disease) and even a completely healthy person can die from the consequences of influenza. The aim of the paper was to monitor the awareness of seniors in the field of influenza preventive measures. The survey sample consisted of 100 male and female respondents over the age of 61. We chose a non-standardized questionnaire as the method...

Phytotherapy for general practitioners

Mgr. Lenka Sobková

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):E8-E15 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.026

The rational utilisation of medicinal herbs is indisputably a contemporary component of medical and pharmaceutical practice.  In the course of deepening our knowledge of modern evidence-based pharmacotherapy, there has been a shift away from phytotherapy over the past several decades. However, this shift has merely redirected our focus back to the field of phytotherapy. It is only through the lens of contemporary research that the full therapeutic potential of numerous medicinal herbs can be fully realised.

Overview of prokinetics in the Czech Republic and their current status in the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders

Mgr. Veronika Piepenhagen

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):124-128 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.024

Prokinetics are a group of drugs that, due to their ability to stimulate smooth muscle contraction, enhance the motility of the digestive tract, particularly in its proximal part. Currently, prokinetics are primarily used to treat functional dyspepsia, though they may also be prescribed for other indications. They exert their positive effects on motility through mechanisms that vary within this drug class. This article provides readers with a basic overview of the prokinetic agents currently registered on the market in the Czech Republic, describes their pharmacological effects in more detail, and discusses the use of prokinetics in the treatment of...

How to manage seasonal allergies - what's new

MUDr. Magdalena Herknerová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):133-135 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.019

Pollen season lasts longer because of its earlier start due to recent climate changes. Mobile apps enable pollen monitoring, help patients describe their clinical symptoms, and improve compliance with therapy. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis is the most frequent clinical symptom. This paper provides info about symptomatic pharmacotherapy as well as about causal treatment- about specific allergen immunotherapy.

Practical guide to changing wound dressing

Mgr. Lenka Krupová, Ph.D., MBA

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):136-140 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.015

The article provides a practical guide to changing dressings for non-healing wounds, essential for preventing infections, promoting healing, and improving patient comfort. It outlines the fundamental steps, starting with hand hygiene, preparation of materials, environment, and protective equipment, followed by the application of wound dressings and documentation. Emphasis is placed on the importance of an individualized approach to the patient, regular wound condition monitoring, and adherence to the latest wound care practices.

Systemic enzyme therapy: current view on the treatment of inflammatory diseases with proteolytic enzymes

MUDr. Pavel Jedlička

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):141-146 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2025.030

The article discusses systemic enzyme therapy (SET) to place it in the context of treating inflammatory diseases, clinical evidence of the preparation Phlogenzym, and the possibilities of its use. SET is a therapeutic modality based on the administration of proteolytic enzymes necessary for the optimal course of the inflammatory reaction. It therefore finds its place in the treatment of diseases caused or accompanied by both infectious and non-infectious inflammation. The two basic mechanisms of action include a direct proteolytic action and an immunomodulatory effect. Unlike anti-inflammatory drugs, SET does not affect the physiological extent of...

Klinické výhody suplementace hemovým železem

MUDr. Zuzana Zafarová

Med. praxi. 2025;22(2):147-150